In an intense X-ray free-electron laser (XFEL) pulse, atoms are sequentially ionised by multiple X-ray photons. Photoionisation generally induces an alignment of the electron cloud of the produced ...

Many natural processes, ranging from magnetism to chemical reactions, entail the movement and rotation of particles at very ...

In this work, surface plasmons (SPs) on a germanium (Ge) thin film in terahertz (THz) region that are excited by electron cyclotron motion (ECM) and the subsequent SP emission (SPE) by adding Ge ...

The orbital angular momentum of electrons has long been considered a minor physical phenomenon, suppressed in most crystals and largely overlooked. Scientists have now discovered that in certain ...

The orbital angular momentum of electrons has long been considered a minor physical phenomenon, suppressed in most crystals and largely overlooked. Scientists at Forschungszentrum Jülich have now ...