61 codons specify one of the 20 amino acids that make up proteins 3 codons are stop codons, which signal the termination of protein synthesis Importantly, the genetic code is nearly universal, shared ...

Living things, from bacteria to humans, depend on a workforce of proteins to carry out essential tasks within their cells. Proteins are chains of amino acids that are strung together according to ...

Research led by Duke University, Durham, has discovered a situation-dependent traffic jam in mRNA translation caused by RNA hairpins leading to higher translation of upstream start codons (uAUGs). In ...

MIT researchers have built an AI language model that learns the internal coding patterns of a yeast species widely used to manufacture protein-based drugs, then rewrites gene sequences to push protein ...

The genetic code is the recipe for life, and provides the instructions for how to make proteins, generally using just 20 amino acids. But certain groups of microbes have an expanded genetic code, in ...

Discover the unique genetic code of Euplotes crassus, where a single codon can represent two amino acids, challenging universal genetics. Living things, from bacteria to humans, depend on a workforce ...