have uncovered how bacteria and their toxins prompt the human immune response, leading to inflammation. Inflammation plays a crucial role in fighting infections and healing injuries, but when it ...

The human immune system has evolved to deal ... Short-lived changes in a person’s immune defences are normal when they’ve been exposed to an infection. Several studies have now shown that, in response ...

and several new approaches seem to improve the capacity of these mice to recapitulate normal human innate and adaptive immune responses. The momentum in the field is great, and all look forward to ...

Histamine makes lots of changes in your body. It adjusts your blood vessels and tissues so more immune cells can rush to the area. It makes a bunch of mucus. It tells the muscles in your airways, ...

In normal quantities, cytokines help the immune response; however ... of developing a severe form of the disease. Variations in human leukocyte antigen alleles (a group of genes involved in ...