Gradient elution involves a programmed change in mobile-phase composition over time, transitioning from weak to strong during a separation. Linear gradients, characterized by a constant change in ...

Thermal Gradient Gas Chromatography (TGGC) employs dynamic temperature profiles along the chromatographic column to enhance separation efficiency and peak resolution. This technique, when integrated ...

Studying and controlling reactions at surfaces is of great fundamental and applied interest in, among others, biology, electronics and catalysis. Because reaction kinetics is different at surfaces ...