Abstract: In order to ensure data security in resources like wireless sensor networks, built-in systems, and Internet of Things devices, cryptography is essential, which is the background. The NSA ...
Abstract: This paper presents the configuration and comparative evaluation of static, RIP, and OSPF routing protocols, together with the deployment of an IPsec site-to-site VPN for secure inter-LAN ...
# 1. Normalise message (uppercase, remove spaces). # 2. Compute rows = ceil(len(message) / cols). # 3. Pad with 'X' to fill rows × cols matrix (row-major). # 4. Read out columns top-to-bottom → ...
This project implements the Caesar Cipher algorithm to encrypt and decrypt text using a shift value. The Caesar Cipher is one of the simplest and most widely known encryption techniques in ...