The Indian Constitution envisions the judiciary as a guardian of justice and an agent of social transformation. Articles 14, 15, 16, 17, 38, 39A, and 42 to 47 collectively address various facets of ...

Judicial activism has expanded the scope of judicial review to include social and economic justice, making the Constitution a living document responsive to societal needs. · Golaknath & Ors vs State ...

The judiciary in India plays a crucial role in shaping the legal landscape by creatively interpreting laws and relying on judicial precedents. This dynamic process ensures that the Constitution ...

The independence of the judiciary is a fundamental principle enshrined in the Indian Constitution. It ensures that the judiciary functions autonomously, free from external pressures and influences, ...

Yes, the Supreme Court's judgment in the Mathura Rape Case led to widespread public outrage and protests, especially from women's groups and legal activists. This outcry prompted significant ...

The State of Maharashtra v. Madhukar Narayan Mardikar is a landmark Supreme Court case from 1991 that addressed police misconduct, the evidentiary value of a woman's testimony, and the right to ...

The International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (ICESCR) is a key multilateral treaty adopted by the United Nations General Assembly on December 16, 1966, and entered into force on ...

International Norms: The Declaration has influenced international treaties, regional charters (like the African Charter on Human and Peoples’ Rights), and global conferences, including the Vienna ...

In summary, the Supreme Court in People's Union for Democratic Rights vs. State of Bihar (1986) ruled against the unlawful police firing on peaceful peasants, affirming the constitutional rights to ...

The climate of fear and impunity created by AFSPA undermines democratic participation, silences dissent, and erodes trust between Indigenous communities and the state. The militarization of Indigenous ...

The inclusion of I4C under the PMLA framework allows it to receive and exchange critical financial intelligence with agencies ...

The Nelson Mandela Rules address various aspects of prison management, including security, safety, and the use of technology. They emphasize the importance of treating all prisoners with respect and ...